Chapter-4 Reproductive Health

Enumerate and describe any five reasons for introducing sex education
to school-going children.

Do you justify the statutory ban on aminocentesis in our country? Give
reasons.

STDs are a threat to reproductive health. Describe any two such diseases
and suggest preventive measures.

Discuss the mode of action and advantages/disadvantages of hormonal
contraceptives.

What are the Assisted Reproductive Techniques practised to help infertile
couples? Describe any three techniques.

All reproductive tract infections RTIs are STDs, but all STDs are not
RTIs. Justify with example.

Comment on the essential features required for an ideal contraceptive.

What are the conditions in which medical termination of pregnancy is
advised?

What are the advantages of natural methods of contraception over
artificial methods?

Briefly explain IVFand ET What are the conditions in which these
methods are advised?

What are the probable factors that contributed to population explosion
in India?

Copper ions-releasing IUDs are more efficient than non-medicated
methods. Why?

The procedure of GIFT involves the transfer of female gamete to the
fallopian tube. Can gametes be transferred to the uterus to achieve the
same result? Explain.

Suggest some important steps that you would recommend to be taken
to improve the reproductive health standards in India.

Mention two advantages of lactational amenorrhea as a contraceptive
method.

Males in whom testes fail to descend to the scrotum are generally infertile.
Why?

Strict conditions are to be followed in medical termination of pregnancy
(MTP) procedures. Mention two reasons.

What is the significance of progesterone-estrogen combination as a
contraceptive measure?

Mention the primary aim of the “Assisted Reproductive Technology”
(ART) programme.

Suggest the reproduction-related aspects in which counselling should
be provided at the school level.

STDs can be considered as self-invited diseases. Comment.

The present population growth rate in India is alarming. Suggest ways
to check it.

Comment on the Reproductive and Child Health Care programme of the
government to improve the reproductive health of the people.

Reproductive health refers only to healthy reproductive functions.
Comment.

What are the disturbing trends observed regarding MTP?

Mention the various precautions one has to take in order to protect himself/
herself form STDs.

Name the techniques which are employed in following cases :
(a) Transfer of an ovum collected from a donor into the fallopian tube of
another female who cannot produce ova but can provide suitable
environment for fertilisation and development.
30 XII – Biology
(b) Embryo is formed in laboratory in which sperm is directly injected into
ovum.
(c) Semen collected either from husband or a healthy donor is artificially
introduced either into vagina or uterus.

Differentiate between Vasectomy and Tubectomy.

Give another name for sexually transmitted diseases. Name two sexually
transmitted diseases which are curable and two diseases which are not
curable.

Enlist any four possible reasons for infertility in human beings.

Briefly explain two natural barriers for birth control.

What are implants? How do they help in preventing fertilisation?

How are non medicated IUD’S different from hormone releasing IUD’S? Give
examples.

Lactational Amenorrhea is a method of contraception Justify. What is the
maximum effectiveness of this method in terms of period/duration?

Name the oral contraceptive developed by CDRI, Lucknow.

Give technical name of female used to bring up in vitro fertilized egg to
maturity.

Name the fluid from which foetal cells are extracted for chromosomal
analysis.

Give the term for rapid population growth.

After a successful in vitro fertilisation, the fertilised egg begins to divide.
Where is this egg transferred before it reaches the 8-celled stage and what
is this technique called?

Give the term for prenatal diagnostic technique aimed to know the sex of
developing foetus and to detect congenital disorders.

Give three differences between tubectomy and vasectomy.

Explain any one natural method of birth control.

Differentiate between natality rate and mortality rate.

State the consequences of over population.

Enlist any three causes of infertility in men and women.

What are STDs? Mention any two of it.

Identify the device used for the following methods of birth control: Barrier,
IUD, Surgical technique and Administering hormone.

Mention any four probable reasons for the rapid rise of population in our country?

How does Cu- T act as a contraceptive?

What does GIFT represent?

Expand MTP and ICSI.

Why has the Government imposed a statutory ban on amniocentesis?

What is the WHO’s interpretation of reproductive health?

Suggest some methods to assist infertile couples to have children?

Describe the three manners in which fertilization of human ovum by sperm
can be prevented?

Mention any four objectives of RCHC.

What are test tube babies? Are they different from normal babies?

Describe the technique which is used for sex determination in foetus?

What are MTPs ? Under what conditions MTPs are legally permitted?

“Removal of Gonads cannot be a contraceptive option”. Why?

Expand the following :-- i) GIFT ii) ICSI iii) IUCD

Name the technique by which one can disorder any possible chromosomal or
metabolic disorders in foetus.

Write the scientific name of causative agents of :--
i) Syphillis ii) Gonorrhoea.

What is lactational amenorrhoea?

Correct the following statements:

(a) Surgical methods of contraception prevent gamete formation.

(b) All sexually transmitted diseases are completely curable.

(c) Oral pills are very popular contraceptives among the rural women.

(d) In E. T. techniques, embryos are always transferred into the uterus.

State True/False with explanation

(a) Abortions could happen spontaneously too. (True/False)

(b) Infertility is defined as the inability to produce a viable offspring and is always due to abnormalities/defects in the female partner. (True/False)

(c) Complete lactation could help as a natural method of contraception. (True/False)

(d) Creating awareness about sex related aspects is an effective method to improve reproductive health of the people. (True/False)

What are the measures one has to take to prevent from contracting STDs?

Suggest some methods to assist infertile couples to have children.

Amniocentesis for sex determination is banned in our country. Is this ban necessary? Comment.

Removal of gonads cannot be considered as a contraceptive option. Why?

Is the use of contraceptives justified? Give reasons.

What are the suggested reasons for population explosion?

Do you think that reproductive health in our country has improved in the past 50 years? If yes, mention some such areas of improvement.

Is sex education necessary in schools? Why?

Suggest the aspects of reproductive health which need to be given special attention in the present scenario.

What do you think is the significance of reproductive health in a society?