Chapter 8 : Cell : The Unit of Life

Are the different types of plastids interchangable? If yes, give examples
where they are getting converted from one type to another.

Write the functions of the following
a. Centromere
b. Cell wall
c. Smooth ER
d. Golgi Apparatus
e. Centrioles

Is there a species specific or region specific type of plastids? How does
one distinguish one from the other?

Justify the statement, “Mitochondria are power houses of the cell”

The genomic content of the nucleus is constant for a given species where
as the extra chromosomal DNA is found to be variable among the
members of a population. Explain.

Eukaryotic cells have organelles which may
a. not be bound by a membrane
b. bound by a single membrane
c. bound by a double membrane
Group the various sub-cellular organelles into these three categories.

Structure and function are correlatable in living organisms. Can you
justify this by taking plasma membrane as an example?

Is extra genomic DNA present in prokaryotes and eukaryotes? If yes,
indicate their location in both the types of organisms.

Briefly give the contributions of the following scientists in formulating
the cell theory
a. Robert Virchow
b. Schielden and Schwann

What structural and functional attributes must a cell have to be called a
living cell?

What are histones? What are their functions?

What are plasmids? Describe their role in bacteria?

Give the biochemical composition of plasma membrane. How are lipid
molecules arranged in the membrane?

Differentiate between Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER) and Smooth
Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER).

Briefly describe the cell theory.

Comment on the cartwheel structure of centriole.

Explain the association of carbohydrate to the plasma membrane and
its significance.

Discuss briefly the role of nucleolus in the cells actively involved in protein
synthesis.

What is refered to as satellite chromosome?

What is the feature of a metacentric chromosome?

What is the function of a polysome?

What are gas vacuoles? State their functions?

Mention a single membrane bound organelle which is rich in hydrolytic
enzymes.

What does ‘S’ refer in a 70S & an 80S ribosome?

What is the significance of vacuole in a plant cell?

“multicellular organisms have better survival than their cellular
counterpart” why?

Mention three similarities & three differences between mitochondria &
chloroplasts?

“plasma membrane is described as” protein iceberg in sea of lipids”. why ?

What is mesosome in a prokaryotic cell? Mention the function that it
performs?

Which organelle is responsible for increasing the surface area of absorption
in a cell? How?

Give differences between cell wall & cell membrane?

What are nuclear pores? State their functions?

Expand PPLO

Why is karyotype done at metaphase?

What is mycoplasma ?

Which organelle is called the engine of the cell?

Describe the structure of a typical eukaryotic chloroplast.

Explain the fluid mosaic model of plasma membrane

State differences between SER & RER?

What are the main functions of cell wall?

Which cell organelle is known as powerhouse of cell & why?

Who proposed cell theory? Give its postulates?

“Both lysosomes & vacuoles are endomembrane structures yet they differ
in terms of their functions” comment.

Who gave the statement “Omnis cellular cellula”?

Name the enzymes present in peroxysomes? [

What is the function of contractile vacuole?

Which structure is called little nucleus?

Distinguish between prokaryotic & eukaryotic cell?

Describe the ultrastructure of a cillium or flagellum?

Describe the ultrastructure of a cillium or flagellum?

What is meant by active transport across a cell membrane?

Explain the functions of centrosome?

Why lysosomes are called “suicidal bags”?

Differentiate between gram positive and gram negative bacteria?

What is the significance of plasma membrane?

Give two examples of gram positive bacteria?

Which cell organelle functions as “seggregation apparatus”?

Name two cell organelles which contain their own DNA?

Define totipotency?

What is a centromere? How does the position of centromere form the basis of classification of chromosomes. Support your answer with a diagram showing the position of centromere on different types of chromosomes.

Describe the structure of the following with the help of labelled diagrams. (i) Nucleus (ii) Centrosome

Cell is the basic unit of life. Discuss in brief

9. Multicellular organisms have division of labour. Explain.

8. What are the characteristics of prokaryotic cells.

Name two cell-organelles that are double membrane bound. What are the characteristics of these two organelles? State their functions and draw labelled diagrams of both

How do neutral solutes move across the plasma membrane? Can the polar molecules also move across it in the same way? If not, then how are these transported across the membrane

5. What is a mesosome in a prokaryotic cell? Mention the functions that it performs.

Which of the following is correct:
(a) Cells of all living organisms have a nucleus.
(b) Both animal and plant cells have a well defined cell wall.
(c) In prokaryotes, there are no membrane bound organelles.
(d) Cells are formed de novo from abiotic materials.

Match the following
(a) Cristae                         (i) Flat membranous sacs in stroma
(b) Cisternae                      (ii) Infoldings in mitochondria
(c) Thylakoids                     (iii) Disc-shaped sacs in Golgi apparatus

New cells generate from
(a) bacterial fermentation (b) regeneration of old cells
(c) pre-existing cells (d) abiotic materials

Which of the following is not correct?
(a) Robert Brown discovered the cell.
(b) Schleiden and Schwann formulated the cell theory.
(c) Virchow explained that cells are formed from pre-existing cells.
(d) A unicellular organism carries out its life activities within a single cell.