Chapter 4 : Animal Kingdom

Mammals are most adapted among the vertebrates. Elaborate.

Comment upon the habitats and external features of animals belonging
to class, amphibia and reptilia.

What is the relationship between germinal layers and the formation of
body cavity in case of coelomate, acoelomates and pseudocoetomates?

Give three major differences between chordates and non-chordates and
draw a schematic sketch of a chordate showing those features.

Excretory organs of different animals are given below. Choose correctly
and write in the space provided.
Animal Excetory Organ/Unit
a. Balanoglossus                                                 i. Metanephridia
b. Leech                                                              ii. Nephridia
c. Locust                                                            iii. Flame cells
d. Liver fluke                                                   iv. absent
e. Sea urchin                                                    v. malpighian tubule
f. Pila                                                           vi. Proboscis gland
a. ____________________, b. ____________________, c. ____________________
d. ____________________, e. ____________________, f. ____________________

Give an example for each of the following
a. A viviparous animal
b. A fish possessing a poison sting
c. A fish possessing an electric organ
d. An organ, which regulates buoyancy
e. Animal, which exhibits alternation of generation
f. Oviparous animal with mammary gland

Name
a. A limbless animal
b. A cold blooded animal
c. A warm blooded animal
d. An animal possessing dry and cornified skin
e. An animal having canal system and spicules
f. An animal with cnidoblasts

Mention two similarities between
a. Aves and mammals
b. A frog and crocodile
c. A turtle and pila

Give the characteristic features of the following citing one example of each
a. Chondrichthyes and ostichthyes
b. Urochordata and cephalochordata

Differentiate between:
a. Open and closed circulatory system
b. Oviparity and viviparity
c. Direct and indirect development
d. Aceolomate and pseudo coelomate
e. Notochord and nerve cord
f. Polyp and medusa

Match the following and write correct choice in space provided
Animal Characteristics
a. Pila                                                       i. Jointed appendages
b. Cockroach                                            ii. Perching
c. Asterias                                                 iii. Water vascular system
d. Torpedo                                                   iv. electric organ
e. Parrot                                                    v. Presence of shell
f. Dog fish                                                  vi. Placoid scales
a. ____________________, b. ____________________, c. ____________________
d. ____________________, e. ____________________, f. ____________________

Endoparasites are found inside the host body. Mention the special
structure, possessed by these and which enables them to survive in
those conditions.

Match the following
a. Amphibia                                   i. Air bladder
b. Mammals                                   ii. Cartilaginous notochord
c. Chondrichthyes                             iii. Mammary glands
d. Ostichthyes                               iv. Pneumatic bones
e. Cyclostomata                            v. Dual habitat
f. Aves                                         vi. Sucking and circular mouth without jaws.

There has been an increase in the number of chambers in heart during
evolution of vertebrates. Give the names of the class of vertebrates having
two, three or four-chambered heart.

Sort out the animals on the basis of their symmetry (radial or bilateral)
coelenterates, ctenophores, annelids, arthropods, and echinoderms.

Differentiate between:
a. Open circulatory system and closed circulatory system
b. Oviparous and viviparous characteristic
c. Direct development and Indirect development

Match the following:
Animals locomotory Organ
a. Octopus                     i. Limbs
b. Crocodile                    ii. Comb plates
c. Catla                         iii. Tentacles
d. Ctenoplana                iv. Fins

Provide appropriate technical term in the space provided.
a. Blood-filled cavity in arthropods __________________________.
b. Free-floating form of cnidaria _____________________________.
c. Stinging organ of jelly fishes ______________________________.
d. Lateral appendages in aquatic annelids ___________________.

Give an example of the following
a. Round worm
b. Fish possessing poison sting
c. A limbless reptile/ amphibian
d. An oviparous mammal

Differentiate between a diplobastic and a triploblastic animal.

Write one example each of the following in the space provided.
a. Cold blooded animal ________________________
b. Warm blooded animal ________________________
c. Animal possessing dry and cornified skin _______________
d. Dioecious animal _____________________

Name the animal, which exhibits the phenomenon of bioluminescence.
Mention the phylum to which it belongs.

What is the role of radula in molluscs?

What is the role of radula in molluscs?

Mention one example each for animals with chitinous exoskeleton and
those covered by a calcareous shell.

Menion two modifications in reptiles required for terrestrial mode of life.

Give one example each for an animal possessing placoid scales and that
with cycloid scales.

Which group of chordates possess sucking and circular mouth without
jaws?

What is the role of feathers?

What is metagenesis? Mention an example which exhibits this
phenomenon.

What is the importance of pneumatic bones and air sacs in Aves?

Identify the phylum in which adults exhibit radial symmetry and larva
exhibit bilateral symmetry.

Differentiate between flightless & flying birds.

Mention the important characteristics of coelentrata & give examples

Give three important distinguishing characters of arthropodo, reptiles &
mammals

List three adaptations that help the birds (Aves) in flying.

Differentiate between male & female ascaris

Give reason why arthopda constitute the largest group of animal kingdom

Distinguish between centipede & millipede

What is metamerism ?

Assign the phylum to which following animals belongs – pheretima &
sponge

Name a vertebrate in which jaws are absent

Mention the important characters of phylum echinodermata & give
examples.

What are basic plans of body design in animals?

Differentiate between Annelida & Arthropada.

Give any four characteristics of hemichordate.

List three basic chordate characters

Give reason why a snail & an octopus are classified under the same
phylum?

Distinguish between bony fish & cartilaginous fish.

What are flame cells ?

Name two viviparous fishes.

Name the larva found in mollusca & annelid.

Enlist the main salient features of phylum ctenophora.

Members of which phylum are known as “segmented worm” Write about
their body symmetry, mode of excretion & respiration.

Give important characters of phylum Nemathelmintnes

Why are echinoderms considered closer to chordates than any other
phylum ?

Distinguish between insect & arachnida.

Mention the unique features of phylum mollusca.

What are acoelomate animals ?

Name the second largest animal phylum

Name the organs of defense in paramecium

Enlist the main features of Aschelminthes & give examples

What are the basis of classification of animalia ?

Enlist the main characteristics & examples of plylum porifera

Outline the role of coelom in animals

Point out differences between dog fish & cat fish

Mention the unique features of nematodes

Name a free living & a parasitic Platyhelminths

What are the organs of excretion in annelids & insects

How are non chordates different from chordates. Write the major phyla of
non- chordate & give examples.

“Mammals are the most successful & dominant animals today” Give evidence

“All vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrates” justify
the statement.

What is protochordates? How is it classified.

Distinguish between diploblastic & triploblastic animals

List any four identifying features of arthopoda & give examples.

Which animal is popularly called ploughman of nature & why ?

What is polymorphism

Name an example of egg- laying mammals

Prepare a list of some animals that are found parasitic on human beings.

. Match the following:
(i) Operculum                                 (a) Ctenophora
(ii) Parapodia                                  (b) Mollusca
(iii) Scales                                      (c) Porifera
(iv) Comb plates                               (d) Reptilia
(v) Radula                                       (e) Annelida
(vi) Hairs                                         (f) Cyclostomata and Chondrichthyes
(vii) Choanocytes                               (g) Mammalia
(viii) Gill slits                                    (h) Osteichthyes

Segmentation in the body is first observed in which of the following: (a) Platyhelminthes (b) Aschelminthes (c) Annelida (d) Arthropoda

Could the number of eggs or young ones produced by an oviparous and viviparous mother be equal? Why?

What are the modifications that are observed in birds that help them fly?

How important is the presence of air bladder in Pisces?

“All vertebrates are chordates but all chordates are not vertebrates”. Justify the statement

Water vascular system is the characteristic of which group of the following: (a) Porifera (b) Ctenophora (c) Echinodermata (d) Chordata

What are the reasons that you can think of for the arthropods to constitute the largest group of the animal kingdom?

What are the peculiar features that you find in parasitic platyhelminthes?

What is the difference between direct and indirect development?

Distinguish between intracellular and extracellular digestion?

How useful is the study of the nature of body cavity and coelom in the classification of animals?

If you are given a specimen, what are the steps that you would follow to classify it?

What are the difficulties that you would face in classification of animals, if common fundamental features are not taken into account?