Chapter 4 - Presentation of Data

The following table shows the estimated sectoral real growth rates

(percentage change over the previous year) in GDP at factor cost.

The Indian Sugar Mills Association reported that, 'Sugar production during the first fortnight of December 2001 was about 3,87,000 tonnes, as against 3,78,000 tonnes during the same fortnight last year (2000). The off-take of sugar from factories during the first fortnight of December 2001 was 2,83,000 tonnes for internal consumption and 41,000 tonnes for exports as against 1,54,000 tonnes for internal consumption and nil for exports during the same fortnight last season.'

(i) Present the data in tabular form.

(ii) Suppose you were to present these data in diagrammatic form which

of the diagrams would you use and why?

(iii) Present these data diagrammatically.

How does the procedure of drawing a histogram differ when class intervals are unequal in comparison to equal class intervals in a frequency table?

Suppose you want to emphasise the increase in the share of urban non-workers and lower level of urbanisation in India as shown in Example 4.2. How would you do it in the tabular form?

What kinds of diagrams are more effective in representing the following?

(i) Monthly rainfall in a year

(ii) Composition of the population of Delhi by religion

(iii) Components of cost in a factory

Median of a frequency distribution cannot be known from the ogives (True/False).

Mode of a frequency distribution can be known graphically with the help of histogram (True/False).

Histogram and column diagram are the same method of presentation of data (True/False).

Histogram can only be formed with continuous classification of data (True/False).

Width of rectangles in a histogram should essentially be equal (True/False).

Width of bars in a bar diagram need not be equal (True/False).

Data represented through arithmetic line graph help in understanding

(i) long-term trend

(ii) cyclicity in data

(iii) seasonality in data

(iv) all the above

Ogives can be helpful in locating graphically the

(i) mode

(ii) mean

(iii) median

(iv) none of the above

Data represented through a histogram can help in finding graphically the

(i) mean

(ii) mode

(iii) median

(iv) all the above

Bar diagram is a

(i) one-dimensional diagram

(ii) two-dimensional diagram

(iii) diagram with no dimension

(iv) none of the above